Combined cultivator and seeder



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J. H. JONES. Combined Cultivator and Seeder. No. 233,934. Patented Nov.2, 1880..

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J. H. JONES. Combined Cultivator and Seeder.

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Patented Nov. 2, 1880 III III

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J. H. JONES. Combined Cultivator and Seeder. No. 233,934. Patented Nov.2, 1880. E 1'1} 5, I C da 1 I71! 7: D \ZW 1' w if z 1 71' s i HIIHHIII Il I.

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- YUNiTno STATES PATENT .OFFICE.

JAMES H. JONES, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS.

COMBINED CULTIVATOR AND SEEDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,934, dated November2, 1880.

Application filed April 15, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES HERVA J ONES, of the city of Rockford, in thecounty of Winnebago and State of Illinois, have invented a new anduseful Riding and Walking Cultivator and Seeder Combined, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The cultivator to which this invention relates is of that class known asthe straddlerow cultivator, and in this instance is a riding and walkingmachine, having a seed-box, fitted with a seed-distributing device,removably mounted thereon.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a plan view of a machineembodying my invention, of which Fig. 2 is a side elevation, in whichone of the carryii'ig-wheels is omitted. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation, inwhich the seatfr'ame is omitted. Fig. 4is a lengthwise vertical sectionthrough the seed-box, seed-distributing device, and centrally throughthe conducting-spout and scatterer. Fig. 5 is an isolnetrical under-sideview of the pendant as fixed in place on the beams. Fig. 6 is anisometrical view of the adjustable seat-supporting bracket and a portionof the raising and lowering device. Fig. 7 is anisometricalrepresentation of one of the self-locking sections of theseeding device. Fig. 8 is a central section of one of the self-lockingsections of the seeding device. Fig. 9 is -a lengthwise vertical centralsection of the joint employed to connect the forward end of the drag-barto the pendant, of which Fig. 10 is a vertical transverse section. Fig.11 is an inner-face view of the slip-bracket by which the shovels arefixed to the drag-bars, of which Fig. 12 is a vertical section centrallythrough the pivotbolt employed to fix it in position on the dragbar.Fig. 13 is a front-face view of the scatterer, fixed in position to thelower portion of the conducting-spout. Fig. 14 is a transverse verticalcentral section of the seat-supporting bracket.

(ModeL) their rear ends fixed to the outer end portions of the axle-treeby a metallic socket-connection, a, which receives the rear end of thebeams, from which point they converge and meet at a proper point toproduce a tongue of proper length, and at their jnnctional point arefitted with a suitable appliance to receive a neck-yoke of a suitableconstruction to connect with the harness of the team.

E is a cross-bar, rectangularin cross-section and of proper size, placedparallel with the axle-tree, a suitable distance in front thereof, onthe under face of the tongue-beams, having its ends project beyond thebeams. These parts constitute the main carrying-frame of my improvedcultivator.

At F are represented bracing-pendants, of the peculiar form shown, inwhich I) is the pendant proper, having its lower portion cylindrical incross-section, and provided, near its lower end, with a projecting ring,6, of bead-like form, which, on the front and rear sides of the pendant,are cut away, to reduce them on those sides to, or nearly to, the sizeof the pendant.

The upper portion of the pendant proper is fitted with a flange orcap-plate, c, to rest against the under face of the cross-bar F, andthis flange extends rearward, and, in connection with the bracing-web 0,forms a bracingarm, which rises to meet the under face of thetongue-beams rearward of the cross-bar, at which point they are pivotedby a suitable bolt. 1

The cap-flange is provid d with a curved slot, 0, the radial center ofhich is the pivotbolt of the bracing-arm. Su tabl screw-bolts are passedthrough the bea s and through the curved slot in the cap-flange, in sucha manner as to permit the pendant to headjusted laterally, to increaseor lessen thelateral distance between them, to vary the relative trackof the shovels carried by the dragbars hinged to the pendants, and whenthe pendants are adjusted they are fixed in position by means of thescrew-bolts, provided with sufficient screw-nuts.

At G is represented a joint-socket having a vertical opening of properwidth to receive the cylindrinal portion of the pendant snugly. In thelengthwise direction of the drag-bar this socket is of sector-form, of aproper size at; its lower end to freely admit the pendant, and ofsntiicient size at its upper end to permit of a. sufficient verticalmovement of tlte rear end of the drag-bar for the purposes of acultivator, without cramping. This socket, about midway of its depth, isformed with a curved recess, 11, of semicircular form in crosssection,surrounding the inner walls of the socket, and is designed to receivethe headlike projection b. The rear portion of this socket is of flangedopen box-like form-as at d-adapted to receive the forward end of thedrag-bar I], resting against the side thereof,

a and its flanges embracing the edges aitd end of the drag-bar, which isfirmly held itt place by a suflicient screw bolt or bolts passedtransversely through the parts. With the pendattt fixed itt position onthe frame, and the socket fixed to the end of the drag-bar, the partscan be connected and disconnected by placing the drag-bar horizontallyat right an gles with the lengthwise direction of the machine, with itsrear end outward and its socket end on the pendant, in which positionthe socket can be passed upward on the pendant until the projecting ringreaches the recess in the socket, at which point the drag-bar can beturned into its working position, and the projecting ring on thepetulant will engage the recess in the socket and hold it in connectiontherewith in working position to prevent axial or rolling motionthereof, and the rear end will be free to move laterally to conform tothesinuostties of the rows, and vertically to regulate the depth ofplowing or other purposes required of a cultivator. To the rear portionof these drag-bars, on the opposite sides thereof, are fixed shovelstandard-slip brackets l, carrying shovel-statnlards d and shovels dfixed thereto, which are substantially the saute as like parts of one ofmy former ittventions embodied in Patent No. 185,982, dated January 2,1877; but in this instance I have recessed the inner surface of theslip-arms, as at e, to receive a small pivotwasher, 0, over which isplaced a larger washer, 6', between the arm and beam, through all ofwhich is passed the pivot-bolt 6'. This small washer is only employed onthe rear arm of the slip-bracket, attd serves to preserve its relativepivotal connection with the drag-bar, whatever changes may be requiredof the forward arm to adjust the angle of the working face of theshovel, and the slipping of the forward arm from under the clamping-boltto permil; the shovel to swing back to pass obstructions will notoperate to change the pivotal center of the rear arm, and the omissionof the small washer in the forward arm will permit it to slip fromuttder the clamping-bolt under severe strain on the shovel, and also toswing back as itt my former machine.

At J is represented a roller having its ends fitted with pin-journals fprojecting therefrom, on which it is supported in bracket-bearings ffixed to the inner surface of the drag-bars, and pins passed through thejournals outside of the brackets serve to hold the drag-bars in theirrelative position and to move in unison laterally. Centrally totheroller J is fixed a bracket-arm, g, having its lower end fitted toreceive and support a shovel-standard, g, having a shovel, g, fixedthereto, and made vertically-adjustable by means of itsstandardconnection therewith, to regulate its working depth relativelywith the other shovels.

At n is represented ahand-lever. pivoted to the bracket-arm 9 near itsconnection with the roller, and the upper end of the bracket-arm isfitted with a lateral slot, n, opening on its rear edge, which receivesa clamping-bolt, n, passed through the standard, producing aslip-connection capable of holding the shovel sufliciently rigid for thepurposes of cultivation; but when subjected to a greater strain than theparts would sustain with safety, will permit the bracket to slip fromunder the clamping-bolt attd permit the shovel to swing back to preventbreaking the parts. When this shovel is properly adjusted and workingthe lever-handle will rest against the rear face of the axle-tree tosupport it against the earthresistance, and in such amanner as topartake of the movements of the drag-bars, and when the drag-bars areelevated for the purpose of transportation this center shovel may beelevated above the plane of the shovels in its rear, which can bereadily accomplished by the attendant swinging the handle portionrearward.

At K are represented handles of the ordinary form, and are fixed to therear ends of the drag-bars supported thereon at two points by means ofthe same bolts which fix the slipbrackets of the shovel-standards inplace, the rear one of which is passed directly through the handle somedistance from its end, and a bracket, n, fitted to embrace the lower endof the handle, is fixed in place to support the handle by means of theclamping-bolt of the forward arm of the slip-bracket. By this means iobtain a firm fastening for the bandles without additional bolts.

At L is represented foot-supports of a suitable fortn to receive thefeet of the operator, which are provided with upturned ends to preventthe feet from slipping therefrom. These foot-rests are adj ustably fixedto the drag-bars by means of a screw-bolt, which is passed through themtoward one end thereof and through the drag-bar. These foot-rests aremade reversible and interchangeable, and by means of their eccentricfastening, when rcversed or interchanged, the lateral distance betweenthe foot-rests will be increased or decreased as their like respectiveends are turned toward or from each other, and are also made adjustablelengthwise of the dragbars by means of a series of holes thereinprovided for the purpose.

At M is represented beams, suitably joined at their rear ends, producinga seat-frame of the usual V form, having a seat,'N, mounted on its rearend, and made lengthwise adjustable thereon.

Heretofore various different forms of devices have been employed forvertically adj ustin g the seat-beams of wheel-cultivators. One of theseforms provides a constant bearing for the upper edge of the seat-beamthroughout all adjustments of the latter, but the construction issubject to the disadvantage of requiring a metallic loop formedindependent ofthe slotted vertical arm and a bolt which passes throughthe beam in order to secure the loop to said arm. My form of adjustingdevice provides a constant bearing for the upper edge of the seat-beamthroughout all adjustments of the latter, is simple in construction,andobviates the disadvantages above recited as incident to the previousdevices.

The forward portion of the seat-frame has its fulcrum-support on theaxle-tree, and its extreme forward ends in advance thereof are held inposition and made vertically adjustable to raise and lower the seat overits ful crum-support by means of bracket i,fitted with a portion, 43, tooverlap the beams of the seati'rame, and are also fitted with studs i,projecting from their inner face to enter a hole in the outside face ofthe beams prepared to receive them. The vertical arms of these bracketsare slotted lengthwise to receive a clamping-bolt, 11, by which they areadjustably fixed to the tongue-beams, and at proper intervals areprovided with counter-sinks to receive the head of the clamping-bolt. Bymeans of this vertically-adjustable seat-frame and the seatmadelengthwise adj ustable thereon, in connection with the reversibleand interchangeable foot-rests, my machine can be readily adjusted toadapt it to the varying size of operators.

At are represented fulcrum-supports fixed to the axle-tree, from whichthey rise to receive the raising and lowering levers it, supported ontheir upper forked ends, to which they are hinged by a free staple-jointconnection to permit of a free up-and-down and a limited lateralmovement. The forward arms of these levers are provided with aprojecting arm, k, fitted to engage a pintoothed ratchet, 7c, fixed tothe outer face of the tongue-beams, in this instance at a point oppositeto the seat-supporting brackets, in such a manner that they shall beheld in position by the same clamping-bolt t which holds the bracket inplace.

At l are represented hook-links, having their upper ends pivoted on theprojecting arms is of the levers, and their lower ends are of open hookform adapted to embrace the tonguebeams when the hooks are raised'to aproper height by the action of the levers. These hooks receive a link ofa suitable chain, Z, which connects with the drag-bar at any properpoint rearward of their hinge-joint connection with the pendants. Theraising and lowering levers rearward of their fulcrum-supports areconnected by suitable links 1 with a spiral spring, 1', the action ofwhich operates to contract their rear ends, and consequently hold theirforward ends in contact with the pin toothed ratchets. The rear portionof these levers extend to within easy reach of an operator mounted inthe seat, in which position the drag-bars and the shovels theretoattached will be fully under his control to be raised, lowered, and heldat any elevation within the limits of the devices by means of thelever-connection therewith and with the pin-toothed ratchets, and whenthe drag-bars are elevated for transportation the hook-links willembrace the tongue-beams and limit their lateral swinging movements.

At P is represented a seed-box of the usual hopper form, removablymounted on the tongue-beams in advance of the axle'tree. This hopper isfitted with sectional inclined bottoms min such a manner as to divideit, to deliver the seed from two equal divisions of the hopper throughopenings at, provided for the pur pose, which are fitted with anadjustable slide, m, made movable lengthwise of the seed-box by means ofa segment-toothed lever, 12, pivoted to the rear outer face of thehopper, having its teeth engage the teeth of a rack, 12, connected withthe slide in such a manner that the movement of its free end in eitherdirection will cause the slide to move in the opposite direction toenlarge or lessen the openings through which the seed is discharged toregulate the quantity sown. This seed-box is also provided with a shaft,R, placed to revolve in its lengthwise center immediately over theseed-openings, at which points it is fitted with aseed-distributingdevice consisting of a series of star-formed sections,0, each of which are fitted with a prominence, 0, projecting from oneside, and acorresponding sink, 0", on its opposite side, placed in suchrelative position to each other that when placed on the shaft theprominence of each section shall engage thedepressions in its contiguoussections, and the star-points of each section shall be centrally betweenthe star-points of its contiguous sections.

By this construction I produce an effective seeding device capable ofdischarging the seed in equal quantities in passing over equaldistances, and the quantity discharged will depend on the size of theopenings, which are regulated by means of the slide operated by itstoothed gear-connection with the lever n, the free end of which isfitted to move over a slotted segment, a", fitted with an adjustablescrew-stop, n, to limit the movement of the lever. By this arrangementthe lever can be moved to a vertical position to cut off thedistribution of seed independent of the adjusted stop, the position ofwhich limits the movements of the lever to regulate the quantity of seeddistributed.

At S are represented conducting-spouts, having suitable lengthwiseopenings to permit of the free descent of the grain, and their upperportions are fixed to the seed-box in such a manner that their openingsshall connect with the seed-outlet openings of the secd'box, from whichpoint they descend in a diverging angle inclining outward and forward,for the purpose of conducting the seed a proper distance in advance ofthe shovels, and to produce an equal distribution of the seed laterallyover the space covered by the machine.

Atp is represented a scatterer of semi-conic form, rising from abed-plate, p, which is provided with a transverse slot,p", to receive aclamping-bolt, p, by means of which they are fixed in position to thespouts immediately below their outlet-openings, and by means of theirslotted connections are made laterally adjustable to receive the seeddescending through the spouts in such ainanner as todistribute itequally over the space covered by the machine. The outward-projectingend of the seed-distributing shaft is fitted with a sprocket-wheel, t,fitted to carry a chain-belt, l, which also engages a likesprocket-wheel, t, fixed to the carrying-wheel. By this arrangement theforward movement of the machine will impart motion to the seedingdevice, which will cause the seed deposited in the box to flow throughthe outlet-openings, to descend through the spouts upon the scatterersto be distributed within the track of the machine. The conducting-spoutsare provided on their rear sides, near their junction with the seedbox,with openings 14, through which may be seen the descending seed by theattendant mounted in his seat, to enable hiln at all times to detectirregularities in the. distribution of the seed.

At T is represented a draftbar fixed centrally on the cross-bar E, andprojecting in front thereof.

T represents an evener, of proper dimensions, centrally pivoted to theforward portion of the draft-bar by a suitable bolt, 1r, which is passedthrough a keeper, u", throughthe draft-bar and evener. The keeper 1c isof staple form, as represented, adapted to embrace the draft-bar, andhaving its foot portion firmly fixed to the evener near its rear edge,which arrangement serves to counteract the rolling tendency of theevener when the team are connected to the lower draft-hook on the endsof the evener. The ends of the evener are fitted with draft-hooks w" andu designed to receive the single-trees to which the team are attached,the upper one of which is designed for use when the machine is employedas a ridingmachine, and the lower one when used as a walking-machine,and serves to preserve the proper balance of the machine in eithercapacity.

From the foregoing the improvements and operation of my machine will befully understood without fnrther detailed description, and it will alsobe seen that my machine, as here inbefore described, may be used as acombined seeder and riding-cultivator, or as a combined seeder andwalking-cultivator, in which instance the removal of the operators seatwill be found to render it more convenient.

It is also capable of use as a cultivator for the purpose of stirringthe ground, which is often desirable to prepare it for seeding orplanting, in which instance, if desired, the seed-box may he removed. Itis further designed for use as a riding straddle-row cultivator, forwhich purpose the center shovel must be removed, and to remove theseed-box will render it a more convenient machine; and by the furtherremoval of the drivers seat a complete straddlerow walking-cultivatorwill be produced. In all these different capacities my machine will befound a complete machine for the purpose.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, with a main frame and adrag-liar, of a bracing-pendant pivoted to said main frame, to havelateral adjustmentin a horizontal plane, said pendant maintaining aconstant angle relative to the main frame during said adjustment,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a drag-bar, of a bracing-pendant secured to abracket, which latter has one portion vertically pivoted to the mainframe and another portion adapted to be connected to differenthorizontal points of said frame, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a drag-bar, of a bracing-pendant secured to abracket, having its rear portion pivoted to the main frame and itsforward portion provided with a curve-slot, in which latter fits a boltadjustably connecting the bracket to said main frame, substantially asset forth.

4. The combination, with ashovel-standard, a slip-bracket, and a boltfastening the latter to the outer side of a drag-bar, of a handle tittedbetween the inner side of the drag-bar and a clamp, the latter beingsecured to the dra g-barhy the same bolt which passes through an arm ofthe slip-bracket, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with a shovel-standard, a slip-bracket having twoarms, and bolts fastening the latter to a drag-bar, of a handle fittedbetween the drag-bar and a clamp, said clamp being secured to thedrag-bar by the same bolt which passes through one of said slip-arms,the bolt of the other slip-arm passing through the handleitself,substantially as set forth.

6. The herein-described slip-brackets to support the shovel-standards,having their sliparnis provided with a recess to receive a pivotwasher,substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

7. The combination, with a shovel-standard and a slip-bracket, of apivotal washer fitted to the recessed slip-arm, substantially as setforth.

8. The combination, with an oblong socket secured toa drag-bar andhaving its sides proand held in position thereto by a safety slip- 15.The combination, with a lever fulcrumed on the main frame, a hookadapted to embrace a tongue-beam, and intermediate connection betweenthe hook and drag-bar, of an upright secured to the tongue-beam andprovided with a longitudinal series of lateral notches, which provideengagement for the forward extremity of the lever, substantially as setforth.

16. The combination, with levers fulcrumed on the main frame, hookswhich embrace the tongue-beams, and connections between the hooks anddrag-bars, of upright rack-bars secured to the tongue-beams and engagedby the forward arms of the levers, and a spring which connects the reararms of the levers, substantially as set forth.

17. The combination, with a seat-beam, and a vertical arm having aslotted body provided with a lateral stud. of a bolt which secures thearm in vertical adjustment to the drag-bar without passing through theseat-beam, said arm having its upper extremity provided with ahorizontal flange which provides constant bearing for the edge of thebeam, the lateral stud fitting in the side body of said beam,substantially as set forth.

18. The combination, with a seed-hopper having its opposite extremitiesrespectively provided with discharge-openings, of two independent spoutsextending from said openin gs laterally outward in opposite inclination;substantially as set forth.

19. The herein-described conic scatterers, in combination with theseed-conducting spouts, made laterally adjustable thereon, substantiallyas and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

vided with arched grooves, of abracing-pendant having lateralprojections which fit in said arched grooves, substantially as setforth.

.9. The combination, with atransverse roller extending between the twoside drag-bars, of a slip-bracket centrally-secured to said roller, anda shovel-standard secured in vertical adjustment to the bracket,substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with the slip-bracket carrying a shovel-standard,with shovel thereto attached and fixed to the transverse roller, of alever-handle pivoted to the slip-bracket bolt connection, substantiallyas and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

11. The herein-described center shovel, consisting of a slip-bracketfixed to a transverse roller, a shovel-standard, with a shovel fixedthereto, supported in the bracket and made vertically-adjustablethereon, and a lever-handle pivoted to the slip-bracket and held inposition thereto by a safety slip-bolt connection, substantially as andfor the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

12. The combination, with the drag-bars, of the herein-described centershovel having the journal ends of its transverse roller supported injournal-bearing bracket fixed to the dragbars, substantially as and'forthe purpose hereinbefore set forth.

13. The lifting and supporting levers, in combination with their forkedfulcrum-supports, the levers hin ged thereto by a free stapie-jointconnection, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

14.. The combination, with-a lever fulcrumed on the main frame, and ahook depending therefrom and adapted to embrace a tonguebeam, of adrag-bar, and intermediate connection of the latter with the hook,saiddrag-bar being restricted in its lateral swinging move- JAMES HERVAJONES. Witnesses:

JNo. W. HEPBURN, A. 0. BEHEL.

ment when raised by said hook engaging with substantially as set forth.

the tongue-beam,

